October 16, 2019

Faced With Public Relations Disasters, WASAC Tries To Reinvent Itself


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WASAC CEO Eng. Aimé Muzola signs the dummy cheque of Rwf 50m as annual contribution of the corporation to Agaciro Development Fund CEO Jack Kayonga looks at event in Kigali on Tuesday

A criminal investigation ordered by Infrastructure Minister Claver Gatete into water provider WASAC may have to be abandoned as it won’t be necessary anymore.

Water and Sanitation Corporation Ltd (WASAC), a government agency, on Tuesday October 15, paid Rwf 50m into the Agaciro Development Fund, a national multimillion dollar sovereign fund.

The deposit, which WASAC has been making consecutively of same amount in past 5 years, has this time been paid three months into the 2019-2020 financial year.

Since 2012, all government employees have a portion of their monthly pay automatically deducted by their institution to be put into Agaciro. Some private companies have also been doing the same, as well as individual payments by wealthy businesspeople.

However, there is no doubt the prompt payment from WASAC has another hidden motive; the water corporation’s management led by CEO Eng. Aimé Muzola desperately needs a clean name in the government’s books.

Since February, WASAC saw its reputation plummet to all time lows from a combination of increased water tariff, lack of water in many areas of Kigali and unexplained exorbitant bills.

At first, effective February, new tariff for water came into force. Residential homes that consume between 5 and 20 cubic meters (over 5,000 litres but not more than 20,000 litres per month) of water, now pay Rwf720 from Rwf331, a 118% increase.

With a cubic meter being equal to 50 jerrycans of 20 litres, many homes consume this much in a matter of days.

Immediately after the hike came into force, the numbers did not make much sense for ordinary clients, until the water invoices began coming in to homes.

Social media was filled with people posting messages expressing shock over their water bill. One posted that their bill had been not more than Rwf 9,000 per month, but that they had suddenly received a Rwf 60,000 invoice. The family shared invoice as well.

Ingabire Marie Immaculee, head of Transparency Rwanda, went a step further, writing that she would stop using “WASAC water”, and replace it with Nyabarongo river water.

“….I will shower once a week, do laundry once in 3 months, I will only cook fries and then simply wait for my death,” said Ingabire sarcastically on Twitter at the time.

As has become the norm when people feel abandoned by government agencies, those complaining about their bills also resorted to writing Twitter posts in which they tagged President Paul Kagame. The hope, usually, is that he will make a comment, which could lead to action: he did not.

Social critic and author Dayo Ntwari went further, penning a long blog post to Kagame in which he accused WASAC of “insulting” the clientele with its overseer Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Agency (RURA). “It’s absurd, Your Excellency. Please help us,” he wrote.

Despite press conference held May 3 to try to diffuse the situation, some comments said there actually made it worse. RURA Director General Lt Col Patrick Nyirishema said some Rwandans had no idea how to use tap water, and very often waste it by letting taps flow when they are not home.

WASAC CEO Muzola and Nyirishema presided over the media briefing together with their line boss Eng Patricie Uwase, the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Infrastructure (MININFRA).

In late June, , Minister Gatete found himself on the receiving end of anger from lawmakers in the Chamber of Deputies. He had appeared over different other matters, but MPs, also unable to do anything about the situation, pleaded with the Minister to check what was wrong with WASAC.

Gatete informed the MPs that a preliminary probe had found there were fraudulent practices in some offices at WASAC. As a result, he said he had ordered a criminal investigation and forensic audit of the corporation. He said some officials had already been punished.

Two weeks later, WASAC announced that water bills of 1,400 clients had been inflated, and that they would be refunded.

WASAC has a total national clientele of 215,000 clients – the vast majority of them in Kigali, the capital and country’s main hub.

There has been no update from the Infrastructure Minister about his probe into the corporation, neither has the company informed the public if all those with inflated bills, have been paid their extra cash.

DONE: WASAC CEO Eng. Aimé Muzola hands dummy cheque of Rwf 50m to Agaciro Development Fund CEO Jack Kayonga in Kigali on Tuesday

With this litany of scandals, WASAC CEO Muzola may be hoping that payment into Agaciro Development Fund will reset its image, at least for now.

The payment was particularly smart and timely. Agaciro CEO Jack Kayonga said, while recieving the dummy cheque, that contributions from both public and private sector had significantly reduced.

“Compare to the time when we launched the situation is different today,” he said. “At the time some people gave up entire monthly pay. The other issue is that, today, while government employees still make monthly contributions, the institutions no longer top-up with the institution’s own contribution.”

It will be unthinkable for any government agency to continue probing the “patriotic WASAC”, when it is willingly, and on time, fulfilling such such noble national cause.

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    Tiêu đề: “B52 Club – Trải nghiệm Game Đánh Bài Trực Tuyến Tuyệt Vời”

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    B52 Club đặt sự bảo mật và an toàn lên hàng đầu. Trang web đảm bảo bảo vệ thông tin người dùng, tiền tệ và dữ liệu cá nhân bằng cách sử dụng biện pháp bảo mật mạnh mẽ. Chứng chỉ SSL đảm bảo việc mã hóa thông tin, cùng với việc được cấp phép bởi các tổ chức uy tín, tạo nên một môi trường chơi game đáng tin cậy.

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    B52 Club cung cấp nhiều phương thức thanh toán để đảm bảo người chơi có thể dễ dàng nạp và rút tiền một cách an toàn và thuận tiện. Quy trình thanh toán được thiết kế để mang lại trải nghiệm đơn giản và hiệu quả cho người chơi.

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    Khi đánh giá một cổng game B52, chính sách thưởng và ưu đãi luôn được chú ý. B52 Club không chỉ mang đến những chính sách thưởng hấp dẫn mà còn cam kết đối xử công bằng và minh bạch đối với người chơi. Điều này giúp thu hút và giữ chân người chơi trên thương trường game đánh bài trực tuyến.

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  74. オンラインカジノ
    オンラインカジノとオンラインギャンブルの現代的展開
    オンラインカジノの世界は、技術の進歩と共に急速に進化しています。これらのプラットフォームは、従来の実際のカジノの体験をデジタル空間に移し、プレイヤーに新しい形式の娯楽を提供しています。オンラインカジノは、スロットマシン、ポーカー、ブラックジャック、ルーレットなど、さまざまなゲームを提供しており、実際のカジノの興奮を維持しながら、アクセスの容易さと利便性を提供します。

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    オンラインカジノとオンラインギャンブルの世界では、安全性と規制が非常に重要です。多くの国々では、オンラインギャンブルを規制する法律があり、安全なプレイ環境を確保するためのライセンスシステムを設けています。これにより、不正行為や詐欺からプレイヤーを守るとともに、責任ある賭博の促進が図られています。

    技術の進歩
    最新のテクノロジーは、オンラインカジノとオンラインギャンブルの体験を一層豊かにしています。例えば、仮想現実(VR)技術の使用は、プレイヤーに没入型のギャンブル体験を提供し、実際のカジノにいるかのような感覚を生み出しています。また、ブロックチェーン技術の導入は、より透明で安全な取引を可能にし、プレイヤーの信頼を高めています。

    未来への展望
    オンラインカジノとオンラインギャンブルは、今後も技術の進歩とともに進化し続けるでしょう。人工知能(AI)の更なる統合、モバイル技術の発展、さらには新しいゲームの創造により、この分野は引き続き成長し、世界中のプレイヤーに新しい娯楽の形を提供し続けることでしょう。

    この記事では、オンラインカジノとオンラインギャンブルの現状、安全性、技術の影響、そして将来の展望に焦点を当てています。この分野は、技術革新によって絶えず変化し続ける魅力的な領域です。

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  76. Tải Hit Club iOS
    Tải Hit Club iOSHIT CLUBHit Club đã sáng tạo ra một giao diện game đẹp mắt và hoàn thiện, lấy cảm hứng từ các cổng casino trực tuyến chất lượng từ cổ điển đến hiện đại. Game mang lại sự cân bằng và sự kết hợp hài hòa giữa phong cách sống động của sòng bạc Las Vegas và phong cách chân thực. Tất cả các trò chơi đều được bố trí tinh tế và hấp dẫn với cách bố trí game khoa học và logic giúp cho người chơi có được trải nghiệm chơi game tốt nhất.

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    Trên trang chủ của Hit Club, người chơi dễ dàng tìm thấy các game bài, tính năng hỗ trợ và các thao tác để rút/nạp tiền cùng với cổng trò chuyện trực tiếp để được tư vấn. Giao diện game mang lại cho người chơi cảm giác chân thật và thoải mái nhất, giúp người chơi không bị mỏi mắt khi chơi trong thời gian dài.

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    Bạn có thể trải nghiệm Hit Club với 2 phiên bản: Hit Club APK cho thiết bị Android và Hit Club iOS cho thiết bị như iPhone, iPad.

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    Tải Hit Club iOS
    Tải Hit Club iOSHIT CLUBHit Club đã sáng tạo ra một giao diện game đẹp mắt và hoàn thiện, lấy cảm hứng từ các cổng casino trực tuyến chất lượng từ cổ điển đến hiện đại. Game mang lại sự cân bằng và sự kết hợp hài hòa giữa phong cách sống động của sòng bạc Las Vegas và phong cách chân thực. Tất cả các trò chơi đều được bố trí tinh tế và hấp dẫn với cách bố trí game khoa học và logic giúp cho người chơi có được trải nghiệm chơi game tốt nhất.

    Hit Club – Cổng Game Đổi Thưởng
    Trên trang chủ của Hit Club, người chơi dễ dàng tìm thấy các game bài, tính năng hỗ trợ và các thao tác để rút/nạp tiền cùng với cổng trò chuyện trực tiếp để được tư vấn. Giao diện game mang lại cho người chơi cảm giác chân thật và thoải mái nhất, giúp người chơi không bị mỏi mắt khi chơi trong thời gian dài.

    Hướng Dẫn Tải Game Hit Club
    Bạn có thể trải nghiệm Hit Club với 2 phiên bản: Hit Club APK cho thiết bị Android và Hit Club iOS cho thiết bị như iPhone, iPad.

    Tải ứng dụng game:

    Click nút tải ứng dụng game ở trên (phiên bản APK/Android hoặc iOS tùy theo thiết bị của bạn).
    Chờ cho quá trình tải xuống hoàn tất.
    Cài đặt ứng dụng:

    Khi quá trình tải xuống hoàn tất, mở tệp APK hoặc iOS và cài đặt ứng dụng trên thiết bị của bạn.
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    Mở ứng dụng và bắt đầu trải nghiệm Hit Club.
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    Абузоустойчивые сервера в Амстердаме, они позволят работать с сайтами которые не открываются в РФ, работая Хрумером и GSA пробив намного выше.

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    Абузоустойчивые сервера в Амстердаме, они позволят работать с сайтами которые не открываются в РФ, работая Хрумером и GSA пробив намного выше.

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  88. Most importantly, Lahore accompanies are known for their staggering excellence and appeal. These ladies are painstakingly chosen for their actual allure, as well as their insight and character.

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    Виртуальные сервера (VPS/VDS) и Дедик Сервер: Оптимальное Решение для Вашего Проекта
    В мире современных вычислений виртуальные сервера (VPS/VDS) и дедик сервера становятся ключевыми элементами успешного бизнеса и онлайн-проектов. Выбор оптимальной операционной системы и типа сервера являются решающими шагами в создании надежной и эффективной инфраструктуры. Наши VPS/VDS серверы Windows и Linux, доступные от 13 рублей, а также дедик серверы, предлагают целый ряд преимуществ, делая их неотъемлемыми инструментами для развития вашего проекта.

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    В мире современных вычислений виртуальные сервера VPS/VDS и дедик сервера становятся ключевыми элементами успешного бизнеса и онлайн-проектов. Выбор оптимальной операционной системы и типа сервера являются решающими шагами в создании надежной и эффективной инфраструктуры. Наши VPS/VDS серверы Windows и Linux, доступные от 13 рублей, а также дедик серверы, предлагают целый ряд преимуществ, делая их неотъемлемыми инструментами для развития вашего проекта.

  91. 民調
    民意調查是什麼?民調什麼意思?
    民意調查又稱為輿論調查或民意測驗,簡稱民調。一般而言,民調是一種為了解公眾對某些政治、社會問題與政策的意見和態度,由專業民調公司或媒體進行的調查方法。

    目的在於通過網路、電話、或書面等媒介,對大量樣本的問卷調查抽樣,利用統計學的抽樣理論來推斷較為客觀,且能較為精確地推論社會輿論或民意動向的一種方法。
    以下是民意調查的一些基本特點和重要性:

    抽樣:由於不可能向每一個人詢問意見,所以調查者會選擇一個代表性的樣本進行調查。這樣本的大小和抽樣方法都會影響調查的準確性和可靠性。
    問卷設計:為了確保獲得可靠的結果,問卷必須經過精心設計,問題要清晰、不帶偏見,且易於理解。
    數據分析:收集到的數據將被分析以得出結論。這可能包括計算百分比、平均值、標準差等,以及更複雜的統計分析。
    多種用途:民意調查可以用於各種目的,包括政策制定、選舉預測、市場研究、社會科學研究等。
    限制:雖然民意調查是一個有價值的工具,但它也有其限制。例如,樣本可能不完全代表目標人群,或者問卷的設計可能導致偏見。
    影響決策:民意調查的結果常常被政府、企業和其他組織用來影響其決策。
    透明度和誠實:為了維護調查的可信度,調查組織應該提供其調查方法、樣本大小、抽樣方法和可能的誤差範圍等詳細資訊。
    民調是怎麼調查的?
    民意調查(輿論調查)的意義是指為瞭解大多數民眾的看法、意見、利益與需求,以科學、系統與公正的資料,蒐集可以代表全部群眾(母體)的部分群眾(抽樣),設計問卷題目後,以人工或電腦詢問部分民眾對特定議題的看法與評價,利用抽樣出來部分民眾的意見與看法,來推論目前全部民眾的意見與看法,藉以衡量社會與政治的狀態。

    以下是進行民調調查的基本步驟:

    定義目標和目的:首先,調查者需要明確調查的目的。是要了解公眾對某個政策的看法?還是要評估某個政治候選人的支持率?
    設計問卷:根據調查目的,研究者會設計一份問卷。問卷應該包含清晰、不帶偏見的問題,並避免導向性的語言。
    選擇樣本:因為通常不可能調查所有人,所以會選擇一部分人作為代表。這部分人被稱為“樣本”。最理想的情況是使用隨機抽樣,以確保每個人都有被選中的機會。
    收集數據:有多種方法可以收集數據,如面對面訪問、電話訪問、郵件調查或在線調查。
    數據分析:一旦數據被收集,研究者會使用統計工具和技術進行分析,得出結論或洞見。
    報告結果:分析完數據後,研究者會編寫報告或發布結果。報告通常會提供調查方法、樣本大小、誤差範圍和主要發現。
    解釋誤差範圍:多數民調報告都會提供誤差範圍,例如“±3%”。這表示實際的結果有可能在報告結果的3%範圍內上下浮動。
    民調調查的質量和可信度很大程度上取決於其設計和實施的方法。若是由專業和無偏見的組織進行,且使用科學的方法,那麼民調結果往往較為可靠。但即使是最高質量的民調也會有一定的誤差,因此解讀時應保持批判性思考。

    為什麼要做民調?
    民調提供了一種系統性的方式來了解大眾的意見、態度和信念。進行民調的原因多種多樣,以下是一些主要的動機:

    政策制定和評估:政府和政策制定者進行民調,以了解公眾對某一議題或政策的看法。這有助於制定或調整政策,以反映大眾的需求和意見。
    選舉和政治活動:政黨和候選人通常使用民調來評估自己在選舉中的地位,了解哪些議題對選民最重要,以及如何調整策略以吸引更多支持。
    市場研究:企業和組織進行民調以了解消費者對產品、服務或品牌的態度,從而制定或調整市場策略。
    社會科學研究:學者和研究者使用民調來了解人們的社會、文化和心理特征,以及其與行為的關係。
    公眾與媒體的期望:民調提供了一種方式,使公眾、政府和企業得以了解社會的整體趨勢和態度。媒體也經常報導民調結果,提供公眾對當前議題的見解。
    提供反饋和評估:無論是企業還是政府,都可以透過民調了解其表現、服務或政策的效果,並根據反饋進行改進。
    預測和趨勢分析:民調可以幫助預測某些趨勢或行為的未來發展,如選舉結果、市場需求等。
    教育和提高公眾意識:通過進行和公布民調,可以促使公眾對某一議題或問題有更深入的了解和討論。

    民調可信嗎?
    民意調查的結果數據隨處可見,尤其是政治性民調結果幾乎可說是天天在新聞上放送,對總統的滿意度下降了多少百分比,然而大家又信多少?

    在景美市場的訪問中,我們了解到民眾對民調有一些普遍的觀點。大多數受訪者表示,他們對民調的可信度存有疑慮,主要原因是他們擔心政府可能會在調查中進行操控,以符合特定政治目標。

    受訪者還提到,民意調查的結果通常不會對他們的投票意願產生影響。換句話說,他們的選擇通常受到更多因素的影響,例如候選人的政策立場和政府做事的認真與否,而不是單純依賴民調結果。

    從訪問中我們可以得出的結論是,大多數民眾對民調持謹慎態度,並認為它們對他們的投票決策影響有限。

  92. 最新民調
    民意調查是什麼?民調什麼意思?
    民意調查又稱為輿論調查或民意測驗,簡稱民調。一般而言,民調是一種為了解公眾對某些政治、社會問題與政策的意見和態度,由專業民調公司或媒體進行的調查方法。

    目的在於通過網路、電話、或書面等媒介,對大量樣本的問卷調查抽樣,利用統計學的抽樣理論來推斷較為客觀,且能較為精確地推論社會輿論或民意動向的一種方法。
    以下是民意調查的一些基本特點和重要性:

    抽樣:由於不可能向每一個人詢問意見,所以調查者會選擇一個代表性的樣本進行調查。這樣本的大小和抽樣方法都會影響調查的準確性和可靠性。
    問卷設計:為了確保獲得可靠的結果,問卷必須經過精心設計,問題要清晰、不帶偏見,且易於理解。
    數據分析:收集到的數據將被分析以得出結論。這可能包括計算百分比、平均值、標準差等,以及更複雜的統計分析。
    多種用途:民意調查可以用於各種目的,包括政策制定、選舉預測、市場研究、社會科學研究等。
    限制:雖然民意調查是一個有價值的工具,但它也有其限制。例如,樣本可能不完全代表目標人群,或者問卷的設計可能導致偏見。
    影響決策:民意調查的結果常常被政府、企業和其他組織用來影響其決策。
    透明度和誠實:為了維護調查的可信度,調查組織應該提供其調查方法、樣本大小、抽樣方法和可能的誤差範圍等詳細資訊。
    民調是怎麼調查的?
    民意調查(輿論調查)的意義是指為瞭解大多數民眾的看法、意見、利益與需求,以科學、系統與公正的資料,蒐集可以代表全部群眾(母體)的部分群眾(抽樣),設計問卷題目後,以人工或電腦詢問部分民眾對特定議題的看法與評價,利用抽樣出來部分民眾的意見與看法,來推論目前全部民眾的意見與看法,藉以衡量社會與政治的狀態。

    以下是進行民調調查的基本步驟:

    定義目標和目的:首先,調查者需要明確調查的目的。是要了解公眾對某個政策的看法?還是要評估某個政治候選人的支持率?
    設計問卷:根據調查目的,研究者會設計一份問卷。問卷應該包含清晰、不帶偏見的問題,並避免導向性的語言。
    選擇樣本:因為通常不可能調查所有人,所以會選擇一部分人作為代表。這部分人被稱為“樣本”。最理想的情況是使用隨機抽樣,以確保每個人都有被選中的機會。
    收集數據:有多種方法可以收集數據,如面對面訪問、電話訪問、郵件調查或在線調查。
    數據分析:一旦數據被收集,研究者會使用統計工具和技術進行分析,得出結論或洞見。
    報告結果:分析完數據後,研究者會編寫報告或發布結果。報告通常會提供調查方法、樣本大小、誤差範圍和主要發現。
    解釋誤差範圍:多數民調報告都會提供誤差範圍,例如“±3%”。這表示實際的結果有可能在報告結果的3%範圍內上下浮動。
    民調調查的質量和可信度很大程度上取決於其設計和實施的方法。若是由專業和無偏見的組織進行,且使用科學的方法,那麼民調結果往往較為可靠。但即使是最高質量的民調也會有一定的誤差,因此解讀時應保持批判性思考。

    為什麼要做民調?
    民調提供了一種系統性的方式來了解大眾的意見、態度和信念。進行民調的原因多種多樣,以下是一些主要的動機:

    政策制定和評估:政府和政策制定者進行民調,以了解公眾對某一議題或政策的看法。這有助於制定或調整政策,以反映大眾的需求和意見。
    選舉和政治活動:政黨和候選人通常使用民調來評估自己在選舉中的地位,了解哪些議題對選民最重要,以及如何調整策略以吸引更多支持。
    市場研究:企業和組織進行民調以了解消費者對產品、服務或品牌的態度,從而制定或調整市場策略。
    社會科學研究:學者和研究者使用民調來了解人們的社會、文化和心理特征,以及其與行為的關係。
    公眾與媒體的期望:民調提供了一種方式,使公眾、政府和企業得以了解社會的整體趨勢和態度。媒體也經常報導民調結果,提供公眾對當前議題的見解。
    提供反饋和評估:無論是企業還是政府,都可以透過民調了解其表現、服務或政策的效果,並根據反饋進行改進。
    預測和趨勢分析:民調可以幫助預測某些趨勢或行為的未來發展,如選舉結果、市場需求等。
    教育和提高公眾意識:通過進行和公布民調,可以促使公眾對某一議題或問題有更深入的了解和討論。

    民調可信嗎?
    民意調查的結果數據隨處可見,尤其是政治性民調結果幾乎可說是天天在新聞上放送,對總統的滿意度下降了多少百分比,然而大家又信多少?

    在景美市場的訪問中,我們了解到民眾對民調有一些普遍的觀點。大多數受訪者表示,他們對民調的可信度存有疑慮,主要原因是他們擔心政府可能會在調查中進行操控,以符合特定政治目標。

    受訪者還提到,民意調查的結果通常不會對他們的投票意願產生影響。換句話說,他們的選擇通常受到更多因素的影響,例如候選人的政策立場和政府做事的認真與否,而不是單純依賴民調結果。

    從訪問中我們可以得出的結論是,大多數民眾對民調持謹慎態度,並認為它們對他們的投票決策影響有限。

  93. 民意調查是什麼?民調什麼意思?
    民意調查又稱為輿論調查或民意測驗,簡稱民調。一般而言,民調是一種為了解公眾對某些政治、社會問題與政策的意見和態度,由專業民調公司或媒體進行的調查方法。

    目的在於通過網路、電話、或書面等媒介,對大量樣本的問卷調查抽樣,利用統計學的抽樣理論來推斷較為客觀,且能較為精確地推論社會輿論或民意動向的一種方法。
    以下是民意調查的一些基本特點和重要性:

    抽樣:由於不可能向每一個人詢問意見,所以調查者會選擇一個代表性的樣本進行調查。這樣本的大小和抽樣方法都會影響調查的準確性和可靠性。
    問卷設計:為了確保獲得可靠的結果,問卷必須經過精心設計,問題要清晰、不帶偏見,且易於理解。
    數據分析